proposal on future modular attack system
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Robert MacRae
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ABILITY_SCHEMA.md
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ABILITY_SCHEMA.md
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# Ability JSON Schema Documentation
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> This document explains the structure of ability definition files used in the system.
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> It is intended for **wiki contributors** and **tool developers** alike.
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---
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## Top-Level Structure
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Every ability file follows this wrapper:
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```json
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{
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"abilities": {
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"id": "namespace:category/name",
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"displayName": "translation.key.for.name",
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"description": "translation.key.for.description",
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"math": [ ...nodes ]
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}
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|---------------|--------|----------|-------------|
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| `id` | string | ✅ | Unique ID in `namespace:category/name` format |
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| `displayName` | string | ✅ | i18n translation key for the display name |
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| `description` | string | ✅ | i18n translation key for the tooltip/description |
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| `math` | array | ✅ | Ordered list of effect nodes (see below) |
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---
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## The `id` Format
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IDs follow the pattern: `namespace:category/name`
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| Part | Example | Notes |
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|-------------|---------------|-------|
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| `namespace` | `original` | The mod or source that owns this ability |
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| `category` | `fire` | The element, school, or grouping |
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| `name` | `fireball` | The specific ability |
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**Examples:**
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- `original:fire/fireball`
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- `original:ice/frost_bolt`
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- `mymod:arcane/void_lance`
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---
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## Translation Keys
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`displayName` and `description` are **not raw text** — they are keys looked up in a translation file.
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**Convention:** `ability.<namespace>.<name>.<field>`
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| Field | Example Key |
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|---------------|--------------------------------------|
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| `displayName` | `ability.original.fireball.name` |
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| `description` | `ability.original.fireball.description` |
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---
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## Math Nodes
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The `math` array is the heart of an ability. Each node is an object with at minimum:
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```json
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{ "id": "unique_node_id", "type": "node_type", ...fields }
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|--------|--------|----------|-------------|
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| `id` | string | ✅ | Unique name for this node within the ability |
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| `type` | string | ✅ | Determines what this node does (see types below) |
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---
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## Node Types
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---
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### `base_value`
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The foundational damage or healing number, before any modifiers.
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```json
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{
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"id": "base_damage",
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"type": "base_value",
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"amount": 50,
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"scaling": { "stat": "spell_power", "multiplier": 1.5 }
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|--------------------|--------|----------|-------------|
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| `amount` | number | ✅ | The flat base value |
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| `scaling.stat` | string | ✅ | Which player stat to scale from |
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| `scaling.multiplier` | number | ✅ | How much of that stat to add (`stat × multiplier`) |
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> **Formula:** `final = amount + (player[stat] × multiplier)`
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---
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### `range`
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How far the ability can reach and how it travels.
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```json
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{
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"id": "cast_range",
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"type": "range",
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"min": 0,
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"max": 30,
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"unit": "meters",
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"rangeType": "projectile"
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|-------------|--------|----------|-------------|
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| `min` | number | ✅ | Minimum range (use `> 0` for dead zones) |
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| `max` | number | ✅ | Maximum range (`null` = unlimited) |
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| `unit` | string | ✅ | `"meters"` |
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| `rangeType` | string | ✅ | `projectile`, `hitscan`, `melee`, `aura` |
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---
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### `area_of_effect`
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Defines the shape and spread of the ability's impact zone.
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```json
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{
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"id": "explosion",
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"type": "area_of_effect",
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"shape": "sphere",
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"radius": 5,
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"unit": "meters",
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"falloff": "linear"
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|-----------|--------|----------|-------------|
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| `shape` | string | ✅ | `sphere`, `cone`, `cylinder`, `line` |
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| `radius` | number | ✅ | Size of the AoE |
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| `unit` | string | ✅ | `"meters"` |
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| `falloff` | string | ✅ | `none`, `linear`, `quadratic` — how damage drops off at edges |
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---
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### `damage`
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Instant damage dealt. Supports **multiple damage types** in one node via `sources`.
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```json
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{
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"id": "instant_damage",
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"type": "damage",
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"sources": [
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{
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"damageType": "fire",
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"base_value": 50,
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"scaling": { "stat": "spell_power", "multiplier": 1.5 }
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},
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{
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"damageType": "physical",
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"base_value": 15,
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"scaling": { "stat": "strength", "multiplier": 0.5 }
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}
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]
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|--------------------------|--------|----------|-------------|
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| `sources` | array | ✅ | One entry per damage type |
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| `sources[].damageType` | string | ✅ | e.g. `fire`, `physical`, `lightning`, `poison` |
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| `sources[].base_value` | number | ✅ | Flat damage for this type |
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| `sources[].scaling` | object | ✅ | Same `stat` / `multiplier` structure as `base_value` |
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> **Note:** Multiple sources are applied **independently** — each scales off its own stat.
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---
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### `damage_over_time`
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Repeating damage applied in ticks after the initial hit.
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```json
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{
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"id": "burn_dot",
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"type": "damage_over_time",
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"damageType": "fire",
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"damage_per_tick": 10,
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"tick_interval_seconds": 1,
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"duration_seconds": 5,
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"scaling": { "stat": "spell_power", "multiplier": 0.3 },
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"stacks": false
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|-------------------------|---------|----------|-------------|
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| `damageType` | string | ✅ | Damage type per tick |
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| `damage_per_tick` | number | ✅ | Flat damage each tick |
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| `tick_interval_seconds` | number | ✅ | Seconds between ticks |
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| `duration_seconds` | number | ✅ | Total duration |
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| `scaling` | object | ✅ | Same `stat` / `multiplier` structure |
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| `stacks` | boolean | ✅ | `true` = re-applying adds a new stack; `false` = resets timer |
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> **Total ticks:** `duration_seconds / tick_interval_seconds`
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---
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### `condition`
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A status effect or triggered reaction applied to the target.
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```json
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{
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"id": "ignite_debuff",
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"type": "condition",
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"chance": 0.75,
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"duration_seconds": 5,
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"effect": "reduce_fire_resistance",
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"magnitude": -20
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}
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```
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```json
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{
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"id": "explosion_knockback",
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"type": "condition",
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"chance": 1.0,
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"effect": "knockback",
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"force": 8,
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"direction": "away_from_origin"
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|--------------------|--------|----------|-------------|
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| `chance` | number | ✅ | Probability `0.0`–`1.0` (`1.0` = always) |
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| `effect` | string | ✅ | The condition to apply — mapped by the engine |
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| `duration_seconds` | number | ❌ | How long the condition lasts (omit for instant effects) |
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| `magnitude` | number | ❌ | Numeric modifier for stat-changing effects |
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| `force` | number | ❌ | For displacement effects like knockback |
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| `direction` | string | ❌ | `away_from_origin`, `toward_origin`, `up` |
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> Multiple `condition` nodes are rolled **independently** per hit.
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---
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### `meta`
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Gameplay configuration — cooldowns, costs, and tags.
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```json
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{
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"id": "fireball_meta",
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"type": "meta",
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"cooldown_seconds": 12,
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"mana_cost": 80,
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"cast_time_seconds": 1.5,
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"tags": ["fire", "aoe", "projectile", "dot"]
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}
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```
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| Field | Type | Required | Description |
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|----------------------|----------|----------|-------------|
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| `cooldown_seconds` | number | ✅ | Recharge time after use |
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| `mana_cost` | number | ✅ | Resource cost to cast |
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| `cast_time_seconds` | number | ✅ | Time before the ability fires (`0` = instant) |
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| `tags` | string[] | ✅ | Used for filtering, synergies, and resistances |
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---
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## Complete Example — Fireball
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```json
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{
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"abilities": {
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"id": "original:fire/fireball",
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"displayName": "ability.original.fireball.name",
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"description": "ability.original.fireball.description",
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"math": [
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{
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"id": "base_damage",
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"type": "base_value",
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"amount": 50,
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"scaling": { "stat": "spell_power", "multiplier": 1.5 }
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},
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{
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"id": "cast_range",
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"type": "range",
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"min": 0,
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"max": 30,
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"unit": "meters",
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"rangeType": "projectile"
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},
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{
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"id": "explosion",
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"type": "area_of_effect",
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"shape": "sphere",
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"radius": 5,
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"unit": "meters",
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"falloff": "linear"
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},
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{
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"id": "instant_damage",
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"type": "damage",
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"sources": [
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{
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"damageType": "fire",
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"base_value": 50,
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"scaling": { "stat": "spell_power", "multiplier": 1.5 }
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},
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{
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"damageType": "physical",
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"base_value": 15,
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"scaling": { "stat": "strength", "multiplier": 0.5 }
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"id": "burn_dot",
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"type": "damage_over_time",
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"damageType": "fire",
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"damage_per_tick": 10,
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"tick_interval_seconds": 1,
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"duration_seconds": 5,
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"scaling": { "stat": "spell_power", "multiplier": 0.3 },
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"stacks": false
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},
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{
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"id": "ignite_debuff",
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"type": "condition",
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"chance": 0.75,
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"duration_seconds": 5,
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"effect": "reduce_fire_resistance",
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"magnitude": -20
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},
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{
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"id": "explosion_knockback",
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"type": "condition",
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"chance": 1.0,
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"effect": "knockback",
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"force": 8,
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"direction": "away_from_origin"
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},
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{
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"id": "fireball_meta",
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"type": "meta",
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"cooldown_seconds": 12,
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"mana_cost": 80,
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"cast_time_seconds": 1.5,
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"tags": ["fire", "aoe", "projectile", "dot"]
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}
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]
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}
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}
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```
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---
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## Quick Reference Card
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| Node Type | Purpose | Key Fields |
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|-------------------|-------------------------------------|------------|
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| `base_value` | Core damage number + stat scaling | `amount`, `scaling` |
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| `range` | How far & how the ability travels | `min`, `max`, `rangeType` |
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| `area_of_effect` | Shape & spread of impact zone | `shape`, `radius`, `falloff` |
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| `damage` | Instant hit damage (multi-type ok) | `sources[]` |
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| `damage_over_time`| Tick damage over time | `damage_per_tick`, `tick_interval_seconds`, `duration_seconds`, `stacks` |
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| `condition` | Status effects & reactions | `chance`, `effect`, `duration_seconds` |
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| `meta` | Cooldown, cost, cast time, tags | `cooldown_seconds`, `mana_cost`, `cast_time_seconds`, `tags` |
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---
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## Rules & Conventions
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1. Every ability **must** have at least one `meta` node.
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2. `id` values must be **unique within the same ability file** — use descriptive names.
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3. `displayName` and `description` must be **translation keys**, never raw text.
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4. The `math` array is processed **top to bottom** — order matters for dependent effects.
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5. `damage` nodes should come **after** any `area_of_effect` nodes that modify their area.
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6. A `damage_over_time` node is **separate** from `damage` — both can coexist freely.
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7. Multiple `condition` nodes are each rolled independently.
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8. `tags` on the `meta` node are used by the engine for resistance checks, talent synergies, and UI filtering.
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